Is your pet a Senior?

     Dogs and cats enter their “golden years” around the age of seven years.  Although your pet may not appear different, often dietary and physical requirements can change and may no longer be ideal.  Quite seriously, many pet owners fail to realize that pets age more rapidly than humans do, and the gradual onset of old-age problems in a previously healthy pet may be both unexpected and distressing. Perhaps a few general words concerning the older pet might be helpful.  

     As our pets age, stresses upon vital internal organs such as the heart, liver and kidneys are more likely to become serious. Vitamin requirements generally increase, and nutritional needs may differ greatly from those of the young. Sources of chronic infection, such as tooth and gum disease, can adversely affect internal organs and contribute to failing health.  Aging also increases the risk of arthritis, disk disease and other skeletal problems. Subtle behavioral changes may also begin to appear at this time, and could be indicative of "canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome", a treatable disease characterized by confusion, altered sleep/wake cycles, or other mental changes.   

     Often times, blood chemistry tests and routine physical examinations can detect potentially serious diseases before your pet starts to show signs of clinical disease.  Some of the more common illnesses are tooth and gum disease, kidney disease, weight loss or obesity, heart disease and infectious diseases. 

     Kidney disease is often associated with increased thirst and urination, vomiting, weight loss and poor hair coat.  If you have a pet that has to be taken outside during the night or may be having accidents in the house, kidney disease or urinary tract disease should be considered.  Other disorders such as diabetes, adrenal, or liver disease can also cause similar clinical signs.   

     Many pets are overweight or obese which can cause undue stress on joints, spine, and heart.  Diet management can help your pet live a healthier, more productive life.  Weight loss is also a major concern in cats and dogs and should be addressed with your veterinarian.  Body condition scoring helps to stage the overall physical status of your pet.  Kidney disease, hyperthyroidism in cats, liver disease, heart disease, parasites, cancer, and many other chronic diseases may cause weight loss if they are not detected early. 

     Heart disease may cause coughing, difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, and exercise intolerance. 

     Many of these problems are readily detectable and controllable if diagnosed early. Routinely, a thorough physical examination including laboratory screening tests is advisable at least yearly, and more frequently if specific conditions warrant close follow-up.  

     September is National Senior Pet Month and a perfect time to begin a senior program for your pet.  Our pets fill a special place in our hearts and deserve our loving care.  Please contact your veterinarian if your pet needs an exam or if you are interested in geriatric wellness packages that may be offered by them.  

Scott W. Carter, DVM
Mountain View Veterinary Health Center